deciphering their diversity and evolutionary history

Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History

Asiloid Flies
deciphering their diversity and evolutionary history

Sample of Asiloid Flies

Classification sensu Dikow 2009

The comprehensive cladistic study by Dikow (2009a) proposes a revised, phylogenetic classification of Asilidae into 14 subfamily taxa. This phylogenetic study is based on a sample of 158 species from 140 genera representing all 11 previously recognized subfamily taxa and 39 of the 42 tribal taxa.

Only 140 out of 537 Asilidae genera (Geller-Grimm 2004) were included in the phylogenetic analysis by Dikow (2009a). However, all genera classified by Geller-Grimm (2004) in Apocleinae + Asilinae (174 genera, 29 included in Dikow (2009a)), Dioctriinae (11, 6 included), Laphriinae + Laphystiinae (109, 27 included), Leptogastrinae (18, 5 included), Ommatiinae (8, 4 included plus Afroestricus), Stichopogoninae (11, 4 included), and Trigonomiminae (11, 4 included) can easily be placed within the revised classification as all of these taxa have been diagnosed sufficiently to evaluate whether the remaining unstudied genera are representatives of these monophyletic taxa.

Fifty-nine genera of Dasypogoninae and Stenopogoninae sensu previous authors were included in Dikow (2009a) so that only 127 genera of these two taxa remain to be addressed in future phylogenetic analyses and placed within the higher-level taxa recognized in this revised classification. The generic classification database provides an up-to-date searchable to determine which genera are still unplaced.

The placement of the 140 studied and included genera is shown below and diagnoses with autapomorphic and apomorphic character states for all subfamily and tribal taxa can be found by following the subfamily taxon links.

Asilinae

  • Apocleini: Apoclea, Megaphorus, Philodicus, Promachus
  • Asilini: Asilus
  • Lycomyini: Lycomya
  • Machimini: Machimus
  • Neomochtherini: Afromochtherus, Neomochtherus
  • Philonicini: Philonicus
  • Genera not placed within above tribal taxa: Blepharotes, Clephydroneura, Colepia, Congomochtherus, Dasophrys, Dysmachus, Eichoichemus, Heligmonevra, Lochmorhynchus, Myaptex, Neoitamus, Neolophonotus (see Londt (2004) for synonymy of genus), Nomomyia, Pogonioefferia, Proctacanthus, Satanas, Threnia, Tolmerus, Zosteria
  • Asilinae includes also all genera not studied by Dikow (2009a), but previously placed in either Apocleinae sensu previous authors or Asilinae.
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Bathypogoninae

Brachyrhopalinae

  • Brachyrhopalini: Austrosaropogon, Brachyrhopala, Cabasa
  • Ceraturgini: Ceraturgus, Nannocyrtopogon
  • Chrysopogonini: Chrysopogon, Codula
  • Cyrtopogonini: Afroholopogon, Cyrtopogon, Dasycyrton
  • Genera not placed within above tribal taxa: Cophura, Heteropogon, Holopogon, Leptarthrus, Metapogon, Nicocles, Rhabdogaster
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Dasypogoninae

  • Blepharepiini: Blepharepium
  • Dasypogonini: Dasypogon
  • Lastauracini: Neodiogmites
  • Megapodini: Cyrtophryina: Cyrtophrys, Deromyia
  • Megapodini: Lagodiina: Pegesimallus
  • Megapodini: Megapodina: Megapoda, Pseudorus
  • Megapodini: Senobasina: Senobasis
  • Molobratiini: Molobratia
  • Saropogonini: Saropogon
  • Thereutriini: Thereutria
  • Genera not placed within above tribal taxa: Archilestris, Diogmites, Lestomyia
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Dioctriinae

  • Dioctriini: Dioctria, Eudioctria, Nannodioctria
  • Echthodopini: Echthodopa
  • Genera not placed within above tribal taxa: Broticosia, Dicolonus, Myelaphus
  • Dioctriinae also includes genera not studied by Dikow (2009a), but previously placed in Dioctriinae.
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Laphriinae

  • Andrenosomatini: Andrenosoma, Dasyllis, Hyperechia, Pilica, Proagonistes
  • Atomosiini: Aphestia, Atomosia, Cerotainia, Goneccalypsis, Loewinella, Orthogonis, Smeryngolaphria
  • Ctenotini: Lamyra, Stiphrolamyra
  • Hoplistomerini: Hoplistomerus, Trichardis
  • Laphriini: Choerades, Lampria, Laphria, Maira
  • Laphystiini: Laphystia
  • Genera not placed within above tribal taxa: Laxenecera, Nusa, Perasis, Protometer, Psilocurus, Zabrops
  • Laphriinae includes also all genera not studied by Dikow (2009a), but previously placed in either Laphriinae and Laphystiinae sensu previous authors.
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Leptogastrinae

  • Acronychini: Acronyches
  • Leptogastrini: Beameromyia, Euscelidia, Lasiocnemus, Leptogaster, Tipulogaster
  • Leptogastrinae includes also all genera not studied by Dikow (2009a), but previously placed in this taxon.
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Ommatiinae

  • OmmatiiniAfroestricus, Cophinopoda, Emphysomera, Michotamia, Ommatius
  • Ommatiinae includes also all genera not studied by Dikow (2009a), but previously placed in this taxon.
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Phellinae

Stenopogoninae

  • Enigmomorphini: Connomyia, Creolestes, Daspletis, Microstylum, Prolepsis
  • Plesiommatini: Plesiomma
  • Stenopogonini: Gonioscelis, Ospriocerus, Scleropogon, Stenopogon
  • Genera not placed within above tribal taxa: Ancylorhynchus, Scylaticus
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Stichopogoninae

  • Stichopogonini: Lissoteles, Stichopogon
  • Genera not placed within above tribal taxa: Lasiopogon, Townsendia
  • Stichopogoninae includes most likley also all genera not studied by Dikow (2009a), but previously placed in this taxon.
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Tillobromatinae

Trigonomiminae

  • Trigonomimini: Holcocephala, Rhipidocephala, Trigonomima
  • Xenomyzini: Damalis
  • Trigonomiminae includes most likley also all genera not studied by Dikow (2009a), but previously placed in this taxon.
  • Full list of currently assigned genera.

Willistonininae

incertae sedis

  • The two genera Coleomyia and Oligopogon could not be placed in any of the higher-level taxa and no family-group names are available for them. Coleomyia was placed in the Stenopogoninae: Tillobromatini sensu Artigas and Papavero (1991) and Geller-Grimm (2004), but it is not recovered within either taxon and is placed in an unresolved trichotomy with Dasypogoninae and Stenopogoninae. Oligopogon is placed as sister taxon to a large clade composed of Brachyrhopalinae, Dioctriinae, Leptogastrinae, Stichopogoninae, and Trigonomiminae. It had been placed in Stenopogoninae and Trigonomiminae before (see Geller-Grimm and Hradsky 2003, for a summary).
  • The monogeneric family-group taxa Archilaphriinae (Archilaphria), Dasylechiini (Dasylechia), and Neophoneini (Neophoneus) were not represented in Dikow (2009a) and no comment on their phylogenetic relationships can be made. Archilaphria was placed within Dasypogoninae sensu previous authors and Dasylechia and Neophoneus in Laphriinae (Papavero 1973, Geller-Grimm 2004).
  • Full list of currently unplaced genera.